Confusion :: PLAB 2 Symptomatic Differential Stations

• Hyponatremia (Oxybutynin/Citalopram/Bendroflumethiazide/Lung cancer)

  • Other presenting symptoms 

    • Mild: Anorexia, headache, nausea, vomiting

    • Moderate: Personality changes, muscle cramps, weakness, confusion

    • Severe: Confusion, drowsiness, fits, coma

    • FLAWS for lung cancer

  • Past history and PMAFTOSA 

    • Rule out FLAWS, suicidal thoughts, head injury, dementia

  • Social:

    • Lives with who

    • DVLA 

  • Exam and Invs

  • Referral

    • Acute medical unit

  • Treatment 

    • Fluids

    • Change medication/ Lung cancer management

  • Warning signs

    • Symptoms getting worse, drowsiness

• Infections (Pneumonia/UTI)

  • Other presenting symptoms 

    • Fever

    • Other symptoms of either UTI or pneumonia

  • Past history and PMAFTOSA 

    • Rule out FLAWS, head injury, dementia

  • Social 

    • Lives with who

    • DVLA

  • Exam and Invs

  • Referral

    • Acute medical unit

  • Treatment 

    • ABCDE approach

    • Antibiotics for the underlying infection

  • Warning signs

    • Symptoms getting worse, drowsiness